General elections were
held in Myanmar also considered as the most important event after a long
decade, on 8 November 2015 Voting occurred in all constituencies, to to count
the seats that appointed by the juntas, to choose representatives of Assembly
to be seated in the upper house or called the House of Nationalities and the
lower house or called the House of Representatives of the Assembly of the
Union, and State and Region Hluttaws. Their designated electorates also elected
ethnic affair ministers on the same day, although only select ethnic minorities
in particular states and regions were entitled to vote for them.
These polls are the first
openly contested election held in the country since 1990, which was annulled by
the military government after the National League for Democracy's (NLD)
victory. The poll was preceded by the 2010 General Election, which was marred
by a widespread boycott and allegations of systematic fraud by the victorious
Union Solidarity and Development Party.
The NLD won an absolute
majority of seats in the combined national parliament needed to ensure its
preferred nominees will be elected president and first vice president in the
Presidential Electoral College. It also won majorities in each respective
chamber of parliament, which give it the control over the bill passage and
national legislation. While NLD leader Aung San Suu Kyi is constitutionally
barred from the presidency (as both her husband and her children are foreign
citizens), she has let it be known that she will hold the real power in any
NLD-led government.
The general election in
Myanmar is applying with the normative theory where we explain the reality;
predict the future and also what should be the best for the future. According
to the United National on Human Rights, the human rights are a universal
doctrine where everyone must obtain these rights. However, the Myanmar case is
completely different and what the worldview as politics complexity. The
election is already occurred and NLD won the majority vote. However, that
doesn’t mean that Myanmar will transform to democracy state because USDP will
remain the backup to control the NLD. The fact that the leader Aung San Suu Kyi
cannot become a president due to her private background is contradicted to the
constitution. This indicated the limited of human rights in the country.
Before, the election, there is a civil war where the government confrontation
and many people died over the flight again the government troops.
However, Myanmar case can
also viewed as pluralist support. There are some positive and negative in this
theory. First, Myanmar is trying to transform itself in this early stage, which
believe that the world is able to contain the positive change. The USPD is able
to leave their seat peacefully. When we look back to the past, we could see
that Myanmar got sanctions from the powerful states due to its political.
Second, currently, they start changing, so this means that Myanmar doesn’t want
to be isolated. They want to be interdependence with other states. As a weak
state, interdependence helps a lot for Myanmar to develop its condition. By
interdependence, state can see the high opportunity to make their economic
growth and more alliance. Third, the flow in of international organizations in
Myanmar is a positive way to help Myanmar improve it country, as non-state
actors are also an important entitles.
On the other hand, the negative is pluralist might not be worked if
there is no amendment of the constitution. Because this will limit the scope of
Aung San Suu Kyi works that pressure her from moving forward.
